Dog Owner's Guide: Preventing Heat Emergencies in Dogs

As dog owners, it's crucial to understand that our furry friends can get too hot, not just from infections but also from the weather. When our dogs' body temperature rises due to the environment, we call it hyperthermia, heatstroke, or heat prostration.

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A normal dog's body temperature is around 38.6°C, but if it goes higher than 40.5°C, it's an emergency. Heatstroke often happens in hot weather or when dogs are left in a hot car without proper ventilation. It can also occur when dogs are outside without enough shade or when exercised in hot weather. Even on a seemingly cool day, leaving a dog in a car can lead to a significant temperature increase inside.

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Factors like obesity, airway diseases, seizures, eclampsia, and poisonings can also cause hyperthermia. Brachycephalic breeds (short-nosed dogs) may face a higher risk due to their breathing characteristics.

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If your pet seems distressed, pants excessively, and becomes restless, it could be hyperthermia. As it progresses, your pet may drool excessively, become unsteady, and show changes in gum color due to inadequate oxygen.

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What to Do:

1. Remove your pet from the hot environment.
2. Immediately transport your pet to the nearest veterinary facility.
3. Contact an emergency veterinarian to let them know you are on the way, and ask for any other instructions.
4. Begin cooling your dog while on your way to a veterinarian.
5. Do not use cold water or ice, because this can cause blood vessel constriction and delay cooling. Use lukewarm to cool water.
6. Use car vents and fans to blow air on the dog.
7. Offer small amounts of cool (not cold) drinking water.
8. Do not submerge the dog’s head in water.
9. Take your pet to a shaded and cool area, and use a fan.
10. Check your pet's rectal temperature if possible.
11. Give your pet a cold water bath or shower without submerging their head. You can use ice cubes if available. Wetting the ear flaps and paws and using a fan will aid cooling.

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What NOT to Do:

1. Avoid over-cooling your pet; aim to reduce the body temperature to 39.2-39.4°C during transportation.
2. Don't force water into your pet's mouth, but have cool water available if they show interest.
3. Never leave your pet unattended.
4. Start cooling your pet right away using cool or cold tap water.

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Hyperthermia affects various body systems, and simply lowering the body temperature isn't enough. Seek veterinary care promptly to address potential complications. As responsible dog owners, it's crucial to be aware of the signs and act swiftly to ensure our pets' well-being.

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